It's a small device introduced in 1960 by SM Products and intended to become part of the standard equipment of every diving club or team, provided to instructors and assistants. Discovered in Andrea Campedelli's digital archive, it's called the "Godel Resuscitator" and is used to perform mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration without direct contact with the injured person.
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As the image clearly shows, it is a short corrugated tube with a simple mouthpiece attached to one end for the rescuer, while at the opposite end there is another mouthpiece to be placed in the mouth of the person being rescued. The latter is quite complex, with a flow-blocking button, a one-way valve, and vents that allow exhalation outwards while maintaining contact with the mouthpiece.
The "Godel Resuscitator" was undoubtedly well thought out, but perhaps in actual use it proved impractical, like so many other fascinating and ingenious devices of those distant years.
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